Dream Dictionary & Symbolism of Face in Spirituality, Bible and in Islam. Find out more on Islamic and Biblical Interpretation of Face Dreams ... Manifestation, Dream Interpretation, Angel numbers meaning in the bible, Islam (also Twin Flames Reunion & Separation), Affirmations, and many more things. Thank you for visiting. Articles: 1848 ...Salt in a dream also signifies hard work, or an illness. Table salt in a dream also means asceticism, renunciation and detachment from the material world. It also means blessings, honesty and comfort. Eating bread with salt in a dream means contentment with little from this world. A salt shaker in a dream represents a good and a dutiful woman. Mosque Dream Explanation — (Jami; Masjid) The main city mosque or the central mosque in a dream represents the king, the governor, or the ruler of a Muslim country, since he takes care of establishing the divine laws as well as he is the symbol of Islam and the decisive judge between the lawful and the unlawful. Smelling an apple inside a ... Jun 4, 2021 ... Dream interpretations in Islam | meaning of ... FALLING FROM HEIGHT DREAM MEANING - FALLING FROM A TALL BUILDING DREAM - ISLAMIC DREAM MEANINGS.By Flo Saul. Oct 12, 2012. A dream about a chameleon shows that you have the ability to change and adapt to strange and uncertain circumstances in your life, especially if the chameleon in your dream is adapting to a healthy green environment. The dream shows that no matter what is thrown at you, you can handle it.Apr 13, 2023 ... In Islam, dreams are seen as a way for the Almighty to guide and instruct His believers. The message conveyed in a dream may serve as a warning, ... Islamic dream interpretation and Strength of One’s Dreams. The meaning of a dream is stronger when seen at dawn, or during an afternoon nap, or when fruits are ripening on their trees, or at the time of harvest, or when one’s star is in the rising position, or at a time when one is intending to sign a business contract, or if one is ... Dream definition: . See examples of DREAM used in a sentence.Beads symbolize a woman, a servant, a girl or a slave, money, politeness, shrewdness, procreation, and boys. • Finding beads : (1) Money and gifts from God, as many gifts as beads . (2) A beneficial trip. • Finding white beads: Will get a good servant who fears the wrath of God. • Finding green beads: Will have a pious servant.Falling in water. Dreams about falling in water bring our attention to our emotional state of mind. There could be a loss of control or unwillingly plunging into a part of yourself that makes you apprehensive. #10. Landing at the bottom. … Meaning of Plane Crash Dreams in Islam. Test or Tribulation: In many Islamic interpretations, seeing a plane crash in a dream could symbolize an impending test or tribulation in one’s life. It could be indicative of a challenging situation that might arise, requiring the dreamer’s patience and resilience. Loss or Setback: A plane crash in a ... Utilisez l'espace de recherche ci-dessous pour rechercher des rêves d'interprétation dans toutes les langues. Utilice el espacio de búsqueda a continuación para buscar la interpretación de los sueños en todos los idiomas. My Islamic Ibn Sirin Dream Interpretation. إبن سيرين. If you need help interpreting a complex dream please ... Luggage Dream Meaning. What makes this a symbolic dream is the fact that we use luggage to travel to a next destination, though in dreams this can be a sign of transition, advancement or stages in your life. The purpose of the luggage in your dream is to show you how your past effects your present moment. The phrase ‘a lot of baggage ...Apr 11, 2022 ... ISIP - International Students of Islamic Psychology hosted Dr. Samir Mahmoud on Sun. Apr. 10th, 2022. He spoke on Dream Interpretation.DICTIONARY OF DREAMS – ACCORDING TO ISLAMIC INNER TRADITIONS. Book’s Forward. Dreams are messenger to us from the unknown. They are voices from our collective sub-conscious, warners of deep inner disturbance in the …People who dream of a Black Jaguar suggests this is a powerful omen of hidden talents, traits or the shadow side that has now been found. The black color of the Jaguar in your dreams lets you know that this is a rare find that is often impossible to see with your normal senses. A symbols that pulls more towards psychic awareness and intuition.Toilets are symbols in dreams that indicate how you are processing emotions that are often unconscious. Locations provide the dreamer with clues where the issue might be stemming from. Normally we use the bathroom in our own house so it could be related to our mind. However if you dream of a toilet in the basement or underground area you then ...Shoe Dream Explanation — The shoe, sandal, sole, et cetera, symbolizes: (1) A wife or a pious woman. (2) A boy. (3) A friend. (4) A partner. (5) An animal. (6) A journey. (7) A brother. • Buying a pair of shoes without using them: Will buy a slave girl or marry a free woman whose color or character will be as reflected by the color of the shoes.Dream psychology. Summary. Dreaming about losing your hair may reflect a fear of actual hair loss, but also could be about worries related to things like death, disease, or loss of sexual appeal ... Bad dreams of that kind involve, for example, little children with beards, getting married, or kids having a baby. Dream Interpreter: Various Islamic Scholars. Corn Dream Explanation — The green ear or spike of corn symbolizes the fertility of the year. But it could also mean the death or killing of young people. large or big snake. big snake getting into the house. big snake chasing you. bitting. PARTS OF THE BODY. snake bitting my back. snake biting my ear. snake biting my fingers. snake bitting my foot. PEOPLE. snake biting my baby. snake bitting a loved one. …Dreaming of Rats. When rats are troublesome dream omens that warn the dreamer of something hidden and very dangerous in your life. Anytime we use the word ‘rat’ its never viewed in a good light, but more of an unclean, diseased and contaminated rodent that triggers a gross feeling. Rats contain a hidden message often as a warning for the ...Sharks often emerge in our dreams as symbols of potential dangers, threats, fears or warnings that lurk around us in our waking life. The sharks cold blooded aggressive nature becomes a clue mirroring the people we surround ourselves with. This might mirror our relationships, work environment, friends, or perhaps repressed unconscious qualities ... Islamic dream interpretation dictionary offers dreams interpretation for thousands of dream symbols based on the Quran and the Islamic religion. It can be difficult to understand the meanings of your dreams, especially when you see a variety of symbols throughout all of your different dreams. Yes, it can seem daunting, especially when you ... Slaughtering a Lamb not for its Meat Dream Explanation — A child or member of his family will die. Dream Interpreter: Ibn Sirin. Slaughter Dream Explanation — Slaughter means: (1) Repudiation of one’s parents. (2) Injustice. • Seeing a slain person without knowing who killed him: The dreamer has come out with a heresy or made a false ...In Islam, there are 3 types of dreams: true dreams (Ru’yaa) that are messages from God, bad dreams (Hulum) that come from the devil, and dreams that come from your own mind. Dreams can be interpreted in light of the Quran or Sunnah or by …May 18, 2023 · Read the full content in islamic dream meaning of cleaning a house. Collapsing wall house in a dream in Islam. If a person dreams that a wall collapses over their head or falls on top of other people, it is a sign that the person has done a great number of crimes and that, unless they repent, they will be punished very quickly. Most dreams involving a third eye is usually seen on a baby. Since dreams are coded in metaphors it brings your attention to new growth or awakening inner child. Babies can be scene as a symbol of something now developing within, as if a new growth phase has now started. Babies are innocent and full of love and joy, this is how you should ...P oint. To see something pointed in your dream represents action, urgency and completion. The dream suggests that you have arrived to a decision or common understanding. Alternatively, the dream may also be a metaphor that there is a point to your dream. Or you need to get your point across.Joining the funeral prayers in a dream means fostering brotherhood with people on God’s path. deceased in a dream, it means that the conclusion of his life will be commendable. A dream about Janaza can also be interpreted as a reminder to pray for the deceased and ask for the mercy and forgiveness of Allah. Islam encourages believers to …Ibn Sirin Book dream interpretations. Book Dream Explanation — Holding to a sealed book, decree, or a letter in a dream also signifies abiding by the rules of one's superior. Holding a sealed book in one's dream also signifies success, leadership and honor. If one is seeking marriage and sees a sealed book in his hand in a dream, it means ...Dreams of being raped can be distressing and traumatic, and their interpretation in Islam can vary based on the context of the dream and the experiences and emotions of the dreamer in their waking life. However, dreaming of being raped in Islam may generally indicate feelings of violation, powerlessness, or a sense of being taken advantage of ...Apr 13, 2023 ... In Islam, dreams are seen as a way for the Almighty to guide and instruct His believers. The message conveyed in a dream may serve as a warning, ...Jul 9, 2019 ... Snake in Dream - Islamic Interpretation COPYRIGHTS RESERVED BY MADANI CHANNEL ENGLISH WHAT IS MADANI CHANNEL? HOW DOES IT PERFORM?Jump Dream Explanation ? To jump from one place into another out of fear or with haste in a dream represents accusations, blasphemy, or disturbing news surrounding one's name. To jump down from a high altitude in a dream means separation, or changing of one's conditions from convenience to discomfort. An ascending rapid jump in a dream means ...Jan 22, 2017 ... I wanted to ask you actually about their interpretation, but then I read on your site that I should not tell a bad dream to anybody. Should ...The basic teachings of Islam are called the Five Pillars of Faith and comprise confession of faith, prayer, giving alms, fasting during Ramadaan, and making a pilgrimage to Mecca. ...The dream about a house often reflects your own internal need for comfort, especially if a deceased Mother is in the home during the dream. The house is a symbol that is representative of us in life, many of you have contacted me about seeing a deceased Mother in an old childhood home or your own home. If your Mother is present in your …Falling in water. Dreams about falling in water bring our attention to our emotional state of mind. There could be a loss of control or unwillingly plunging into a part of yourself that makes you apprehensive. #10. Landing at the bottom. …Turban dream interpretations. Turban Dream Explanation — If the turban is made of wool in the dream, it means a spiritual appointment, and if it is made of silk in the dream, then it means living a corrupt state of mind, or earning unlawful money. Wearing a second turban on top of the first one in a dream means increase in one's power.Dress Dream Explanation — • The dead giving the dreamer an old robe: The latter will become poor and miserable. • The dead giving the dreamer a new robe: The latter will become rich and powerful. • Holding one’s Arab robe and telling a dead person, “Take this and sew it,” or, “wash it,” without the cloth leaving the dreamer’s hand or becoming the …End World dream interpretations. World Dream Explanation — It also may be interpreted as one's wife, child, material growth, business success, good harvest, awakening, victory, love, or a beloved with two faces. Whether the world appears beautiful or ugly in one's dream, it could mean any of the above interpretations.Jun 26, 2023 ... ... islam #quran #shaksjourneyy #dreams · Meaning of Islam · Islamic Dream Meanings · What Does It Mean to Dream about Someone in Islam &middo...Dream Interpreter: Ibn Sirin. Adultery Dream Explanation — (Rape) Committing the abominable and forbidden act of adultery in a dream means betrayal. If one sees himself doing so in a dream, it means that he will betray his wife. An unknown woman is better here than a known woman. Adultery in a dream also means theft.Islam Dream Explanation — (Religion of Islam; Surrender to Allah's will; Submission) To see oneself as a Muslim, praising Allah Almighty, thanking Him, facing the Kabah in one's prayers, or to see oneself embracing Islam in a dream means straightening one's life, or repentance from one's sins. If one sees himself renewing his Islam in a dream, it means …A dream of this nature can reflect that you need to prove that you cannot hide your feelings from your adult child. Biblical meaning of a missing child in the dream. Biblically speaking children featured in dreams is a heritage from the board and the offspring is a gift, this is mentioned in Psalm 127:3. ...We can understand the reality of dreams in Islamic by this saying of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH): “Dreams are of three types: a dream from Allah, a dream which causes distress and which comes from the Shaytan, and a dream which comes from what a person thinks about when he is awake, and he sees it when he is asleep.” (al-Bukhaari, 6499; Muslim ...The dream is simple as well as awful, but the message in dream lore is this is a lucky omen. The dream of a toilet usually brings you luck and happiness in society, if you have this kind of a dream, you should be somewhat careful about your emotions in the future. The toilet dream has a strong message to convey, and this is a lucky spiritual omen.Welcome to Dream Dictionary Now! We're here to serve your dream interpretation needs and help you unlock the hidden gems of wisdom lurking within your dreams.. Whether you are a vivid dreamer or just curious to see what dream interpretation has to offer, we're confident you will find use in our free online dream dictionary and the information found …Oct 16, 2012. Dreaming about being ugly is a sign of luck, especially if you see an ugly person. If you see yourself being ugly, this dream omens beauty. To dream that you see your ugly appearance in a mirror, or if you dream you encounter ugly people, this means you will have disagreements on a social and business level.Mouse Dream Explanation — Mice in a dream also represent the members of one's household. Killing or catching a mouse in a dream means taking advantage of a woman. Throwing a stone or shooting an arrow at a mouse in a dream means backbiting or slandering a contemptible woman, or corresponding with her eliciting the unlawful. Seeing …Oct 26, 2023 · In Islam, dreams are viewed as a sort of spiritual perception. The Quran uses four words to describe dreams: Bushra (news), Ru’yaa (vision), Manam (sleep), and Hulum (dream). Furthermore, dream interpretation, also known as oneiromancy, is denoted by the Arabic titles ‘Tafsir’ or ‘Tabir’ within the Muslim community. Ibn Sirin Dictionary Of Dreams. Topics. dreams islam. Collection. opensource. Language. English. dreams islam. Addeddate.According to Dream Dictionary Now, dreaming about someone typically means the dreamer is thinking about that person frequently in real life. Because dreams reflect the thoughts and...Summary of answer. Interpretation of dreams in Islam falls into various categories: 1- Dreams may be interpreted in light of the Quran, 2- or in light of the Sunnah, 3- or by means of the proverbs, 4- or by names and metaphors, 5- or in …IBN SEERiN'S DICTIONARY OF DREAMS According To Islamic Inner Traditions. Manassés Efraim. See Full PDF Download PDF. See Full PDF Download PDF. Related Papers. Joseph The Man Whom God Used To Save Many Lives. Bill Wenstrom. …Islamic places of worship are called mosques. A mosque is not only a place of worship but a center for the Muslim community. It is also a key place for intellectual and social acti...QuranDream.com contains a dreams dictionary, which is meant to help you determine your dreams meanings as well as what the symbols within them represent. In ...Dream Interpreter: Ibn Sirin. Fart Dream Explanation — • Farting amid people: Will be relieved from worries and experience no more difficulties. • Farting indiscreetly while surrounded by people: Relief from worries and hardships, but in an ugly manner. • Farting deliberately, emitting a loud sound and dirty smell: The dreamer is saying ...According to Dream Dictionary Now, dreaming about someone typically means the dreamer is thinking about that person frequently in real life. Because dreams reflect the thoughts and...To dream that a whale is flying symbolizes an enormous sense of freedom from letting down your emotional wall. You feel that a huge weight has been lifted. To see only the tail of a whale in your dream indicates that you are emotionally balanced. Dreaming of a beached whale refers to a lost sense of spirituality.The possession in your dream might bring your attention to the dark parts of your personality that has control over you. The shadow is a manifestation of all the repressed or unconscious urges, behaviors and emotions trapped inside wanting to be noticed. If you are fighting a jinn in your dream it might imply the jihad; the internal struggle ...People who dream of a Black Jaguar suggests this is a powerful omen of hidden talents, traits or the shadow side that has now been found. The black color of the Jaguar in your dreams lets you know that this is a rare find that is often impossible to see with your normal senses. A symbols that pulls more towards psychic awareness and intuition.The big dictionaries strive to compile every word that can be found so there is a complete record of a language. The Oxford English Dictionary, published in the late 19th century, ...Two Moon dream interpretations. Moon Dream Explanation — • A full moon right where it should be, shining in the sky: The prime minister will be good to the people of that place. • Seeing one’s face reflected in the moon: Will die. • Hanging to the moon: Will obtain some benefits from the sultan.Baby. Money. Snakes. Spiders. Falling Teeth. Water. Birds. Free online dictionary with interpretations of all the meanings of your dreams. Lots of dream symbols to discover!However, if you find eggs elsewhere, it means you will soon find love or love union. 11 Egg Dream Interpretation: Uncovering the Meaning Behind Your Dreams - Usually, dreaming about eggs means surprise and prosperity. It is a universal symbol of creation. The dream meaning of eggs is often a good sign because.pregnancy. Tweet. Pregnancy dreams symbolize an aspect of yourself or some aspect of your personal life that is growing and developing. Being pregnant in your dream may also represent the birth of a new idea, direction, project or goal. For those who are actually pregnant, then the dreams are more about anxieties of the pregnancy.Islamic Dreams Dictionary. Muslim culture means that only those Muslims who are truly faithful to their own culture become dreaming. Representatives of the Islamic religion sincerely believe that dreams will begin to become precisely at the time close to the day …Dream Interpreter: Various Islamic Scholars. Death Dream Explanation — • Death of the king: The country will be lost. • Death of the imam (Muslim spiritual leader): (1) Havoc in the city or country. (2) Loss of the dreamer’s religious faith. • Death of a ulema (Muslim religious scholar): No more learning or Islamic Law in that place.Turtle Dream Meaning in Islam. In Islam, the dream of a turtle is a positive sign and represents intelligence and wisdom. According to prominent dream analyst Ibn Sirin, dreaming about a turtle signifies that you will be accompanied by an innovative and very intelligent person in your waking life. Furthermore, according to Imam Sadiq’s dream ... The Islamic meaning of pregnancy in dreams represents new growth and development within the dreamer. These new stages or growth periods are often connecting your inner world and outer world together. This new development is a brand new exciting stage in your life that will change you entirely. Dreaming of Rats. When rats are troublesome dream omens that warn the dreamer of something hidden and very dangerous in your life. Anytime we use the word ‘rat’ its never viewed in a good light, but more of an unclean, diseased and contaminated rodent that triggers a gross feeling. Rats contain a hidden message often as a warning for the ...Dream meaning of giving up on suicide. When you dream of changing your mind regarding committing suicide, it means that you will be in a better mood. You might find new hobbies that will make you look forward to your free time and respect it more. You believe that people learn and develop their whole lives, which is why you like working on ...Psychologist World's dream dictionary has over a thousand entries on kinds of dream. × Learn More Psychology Download psychology articles , Body Language & Dream Interpretation guides and more Download articles , guides and more!Oct 26, 2023 · In Islam, dreams are viewed as a sort of spiritual perception. The Quran uses four words to describe dreams: Bushra (news), Ru’yaa (vision), Manam (sleep), and Hulum (dream). Furthermore, dream interpretation, also known as oneiromancy, is denoted by the Arabic titles ‘Tafsir’ or ‘Tabir’ within the Muslim community. To dream of feeding someone berries. Feeding someone berries in a dream can mean someone’s love smothers you. You might be in a relationship with a very jealous person, or your parents are overprotective. Anyhow, you lack freedom and are tired of feeling the pressure the person in question imposes on you.Luggage Dream Meaning. What makes this a symbolic dream is the fact that we use luggage to travel to a next destination, though in dreams this can be a sign of transition, advancement or stages in your life. The purpose of the luggage in your dream is to show you how your past effects your present moment. The phrase ‘a lot of baggage ...X. Y. Z. Designed for readers with little or no knowledge of Islam, the Oxford Dictionary of Islam provides vividly-written, up-to-date, and authoritative entries. The Dictionary focuses primarily on the 19th and 20th centuries, providing a highly informative look at the religious, political, and social spheres of the modern Islamic world.Twins With Ex. Dreaming of your ex is a common dream that often relates to unconscious repressed emotions. Feelings and experiences, happy times and bad times all arise in your dream. If you notice you pregnant or had twins with your ex might suggest new personal growth. The twins might act as a metaphor between you and him, where together at ...Oct 16, 2012. Dreaming about being ugly is a sign of luck, especially if you see an ugly person. If you see yourself being ugly, this dream omens beauty. To dream that you see your ugly appearance in a mirror, or if you dream you encounter ugly people, this means you will have disagreements on a social and business level.A friendly rabbit seen in your dream is an indicator that, you are going to enjoy communication from your lover. A friendly rabbit is a great a dream. Obviously, the rabbit is connected to luck and happiness in dream lore. If you are stroking or petting a rabbit then this dream can suggest it is really time to listen.Psychologist World's dream dictionary has over a thousand entries on kinds of dream. × Learn More Psychology Download psychology articles , Body Language & Dream Interpretation guides and more Download articles , guides and more!Dream Interpreter: Ibn Sirin. Adultery Dream Explanation — (Rape) Committing the abominable and forbidden act of adultery in a dream means betrayal. If one sees himself doing so in a dream, it means that he will betray his wife. An unknown woman is better here than a known woman. Adultery in a dream also means theft.Both the Quran and the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him highlight that some dreams have symbols and meanings. The Prophet peace be upon him categorized dreams into three types: a vision or true dream that is from God; a false dream which comes from the devil. a meaningless everyday dream which could come from one’s lower self or ...
Fighting is a very symbolic dream symbol that brings your attention to conflict in our lives. The battle that is usually graphic and vivid usually involves either wrestling, cutting, punching or even shooting the intended target. Fighting in your dream can be a very valuable dream symbol once decoded. It will provide you with insight that you .... Phonics abc
Dreaming of a dead black bird draws your focus to the shadow side of the dreamer, possibly a good omen. Dreaming of dead bird coming back is a positive symbol that suggests that something you thought was once dead is now coming back to life. A rebirth or resurrection of something relating to (see below).To dream of feeding someone berries. Feeding someone berries in a dream can mean someone’s love smothers you. You might be in a relationship with a very jealous person, or your parents are overprotective. Anyhow, you lack freedom and are tired of feeling the pressure the person in question imposes on you.Flying in a dream means travels. If one sees himself flying lying on his back,then it means comfort. Flying for other than a traveler means joblessness. Flying from one roof into another in a dream means changing from a man of dignity into a man who has no moral standards. In a dream, a roof also represents a woman or a wife.Jan 19, 2021 ... Islamic Dream Interpretation Types of Dream Hadith About Dreams authentic islam khwab ki tabeer hadees hadith lectures mufti fatwa deen ...Sharks often emerge in our dreams as symbols of potential dangers, threats, fears or warnings that lurk around us in our waking life. The sharks cold blooded aggressive nature becomes a clue mirroring the people we surround ourselves with. This might mirror our relationships, work environment, friends, or perhaps repressed unconscious qualities ...Whether you need to double-check the meaning of a word you think you know or you’ve run into new vocabulary, an online dictionary can be a quick way of getting the linguistic infor...Dreaming of a horse suggests that you need something important in your life, a goal to move towards. The horse's color is important. A white horse means you have some type of awareness that is spiritual in nature, and that you have a down-to-earth style. A black horse shows you have energy that needs to move into your life in a positive manner. If you … Meaning of Cats In Dreams Islam. The meaning of cats in Islamic dreams becomes a powerful symbol of self-reliance, cleanliness, creative force, independence, timid, catty behaviors; and sometimes bringing bad luck. In our dreams the unconscious mind tends to display the cat with certain characteristics reflecting a women who displays catty ... A dog in a dream is the symbol of protection, this dream is a simple warning. You should try to protect something in life. If the dog is friendly, then this suggests that someone or that someone is actually protecting you. A dog can also mean faith and companionship. A dream about a dog is associated with powerful emotions and is usually indicative of important … Islamic dream interpretation dictionary offers dreams interpretation for thousands of dream symbols based on the Quran and the Islamic religion. It can be difficult to understand the meanings of your dreams, especially when you see a variety of symbols throughout all of your different dreams. Yes, it can seem daunting, especially when you ... Apr 23, 2018 · Ibn Sirin Dictionary Of Dreams. Topics dreams islam Collection opensource Language English. dreams islam Addeddate 2018-04-23 19:37:51 Identifier ... The possession in your dream might bring your attention to the dark parts of your personality that has control over you. The shadow is a manifestation of all the repressed or unconscious urges, behaviors and emotions trapped inside wanting to be noticed. If you are fighting a jinn in your dream it might imply the jihad; the internal struggle ...Are you a language enthusiast looking to expand your vocabulary and improve your Urdu skills? With the advancements in technology, it has become easier than ever to have a comprehe...People who dream of a Black Jaguar suggests this is a powerful omen of hidden talents, traits or the shadow side that has now been found. The black color of the Jaguar in your dreams lets you know that this is a rare find that is often impossible to see with your normal senses. A symbols that pulls more towards psychic awareness and intuition.General meaning: An egg is a symbol of a fresh start in your life. This is a positive omen. The bigger the egg, the bigger the gain in your life. To observe cracked or broken eggs in your dream represents feelings of a fragile state in your life. On the other hand, you may be starting to feel happy in your own company.Feb 6, 2021 ... Assalamu Alaykum, In this first video, we're going to introduce the science of dream interpretation from an Islamic point of view. Dream interpretations can vary, but dreaming about a beautiful house in Islam may symbolize blessings, prosperity, and good fortune 1. What is the Islamic interpretation of dreaming about wood? Dream interpretations can vary, but dreaming about wood in Islam may symbolize strength, stability, and durability 5. .